Fri Feb 28 2025

40 articles - From Friday Feb 21 2025 to Friday Feb 28 2025

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Liver Transpl

The 2024 ILTS-ILCA consensus recommendations for liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

The multidisciplinary participants in the consensus conference provided up-to-date recommendations regarding the selection and management of patients with liver cancer being considered for LT. Although participants deferred to center protocols in many cases, there was great interest in safely expanding access to LT for patients with larger tumor burden and biologically amenable lesions.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Pancreas

Effect of Radiotherapy in Neoadjuvant Treatment of Borderline Resectable and Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Regression analysis showed that only tumor resectability was associated with OS. For patients with LAPC and who are unlikely to receive resection, neoadjuvant radiotherapy seems to improve OS and PFS/DFS/RFS.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

A multi-site community-based, case-control study to examine the nutrient intake adequacy of young children with and without developmental delays and other disorders: findings from the Study to Explore Early Development (SEED).

Reassurance can be taken from this study that young children's nutrient intakes from food, including those with developmental disabilities, meet most recommendations for nutrient adequacy. Further study of food intake patterns and diet quality are warranted, with concurrent clinical indicators of nutrient status.

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Acute decrease in the plasma tryptophan-to-large-neutral-amino-acids ratio attenuates the effects of L-tryptophan on gut hormones and energy intake in healthy males: a randomized, cross-over, exploratory trial.

Acute reduction in the Trp/LNAAs ratio appears to be associated with a diminished capacity of Trp to stimulate CCK and GLP-1, and suppress energy intake. While these observations should be interpreted with caution given the exploratory nature of the study, they attest to the complexity of the relationships between pre- and post-absorptive mechanisms underlying Trp's appetite-inhibitory effect. Clinical trial registry The trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ( trial number ACTRN12620001275954).

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Association of household food insecurity with diet quality in a nationally representative sample of US toddlers: A cross-sectional study.

The association of household food insecurity with lower diet quality in this study suggests that toddlers may not be shielded from household food shortages. Although consumption of certain food groups, such as whole grains, was inadequate in the overall sample of US toddlers, food insecurity could exacerbate suboptimal intake of whole grains. Interventions to improve diet quality of young children must account for household food insecurity.

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Carbon stable isotope values in hair are associated with added sugar intake in adults but not young children: A cross-sectional study.

Age-related dietary patterns, particularly higher cow's milk consumption in children, may mask δ13C ─added sugar associations, highlighting the importance of accounting for age and dietary complexity in biomarker research. "Snacks, Smiles and Taste Preferences," NCT03631992 (baseline data only), Website: "Added Sugar Intake, Sweet Taste Phenotypes and Biomarkers" (SWBIO), NCT05047588, Website:

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Changes in olive oil consumption and long-term body weight changes in three U.S. prospective cohort studies.

A long-term increase in olive oil intake was inversely associated with body weight in middle-aged adults in the U.S. Conversely, increased consumption of other added fats, such as butter and margarine, was positively associated with body weight.

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Dietary Patterns and Colorectal Cancer Risk: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) Systematic Literature Review.

This review highlights the role of dietary patterns in CRC risk/mortality, providing insights for future research and public health strategies. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022324327 (Link:

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EAT-Lancet Diet Pattern, genetic risk, and risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective study from the UK Biobank.

The ELD-I could reduce 13% of CRC risk, especially in individuals with a moderate genetic risk. Individuals with high ELD-I and low PRS had the lowest CRC risk than those with low ELD-I and high PRS. These findings underscore the potential role of EAT-Lancet Diet in CRC prevention.

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Early full enteral nutrition with fortified milk in very preterm infants: a randomized clinical trial.

In very preterm infants receiving early full enteral nutrition, providing early human milk fortification does not result in higher than usual FFM z-scores. This feeding strategy may, however, lead to a sustained increase in length, and transient increases in weight and FFM in grams. Clinical trial registration

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Reducing Cardiometabolic Diseases Risk dietary pattern in the Chinese population with dyslipidemia: a single-center, open-label, randomized, dietary intervention study.

Compared to the control group, the RCMDR dietary pattern intervention lowered cardiometabolic risk, blood lipids, blood pressure, abdominal obesity and circulating Hcy level among Chinese population with dyslipidemia. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2300072472),

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Role of hepcidin on benefits and risks of supplementation with iron syrup and multiple micronutrient powders in Bangladeshi children: a sub-study to a randomized controlled trial.

Immediate effects of MNPs on child hemoglobin and iron status are larger among those with low compared to not-low hepcidin, indicating that pre-intervention screening could help identify those who would benefit most from MNPs.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Erythrocyte Methotrexate-Polyglutamate Concentrations in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

We observed high interindividual variability in the reached erythrocyte MTX-PG concentrations. Body surface adjusted or unadjusted MTX dosage showed a positive linear correlation with erythrocyte MTX-PG concentrations in children with IBD. This is a prerequisite for TDM and provides a strong basis for further research into the relation between TDM of MTX, efficacy, and toxicity.

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Impact of Psychosocial and Neurodevelopmental Disorders on Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study.

Psychosocial and neurodevelopmental disorders are prevalent in children with UC and significantly affect both disease severity and therapeutic approaches. The findings suggest that comprehensive management involving psychosocial interventions and multidisciplinary support is crucial for effectively treating these patients.

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Novel Transcriptomic Signatures in Fibrostenotic Crohn's Disease: Dysregulated Pathways, Promising Biomarkers, and Putative Therapeutic Targets.

LY96 and SRM were expressed by immune cells, whereas HDAC1, AKAP11, and SERPINE1 showed low expression across al cellular subsets. This study comprehensively characterizes resected CD ileal strictures, elucidating main dysregulated pathways and identifying promising biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets.

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Single-Cell Transcriptomic Profile of Innate Cell Populations in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

CITE-seq and flow-cytometry analyses of colonic MLNs from patients with active IBD reveal the molecular signature and cell distribution of previously uncharacterized DC and ILC subpopulations in human MLNs. These findings expand our understanding of immune responses during chronic inflammation in IBD.

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J Crohns Colitis

Uncovering the therapeutic potential of anti-tuberculoid agent Isoniazid in a model of microbial-driven Crohn's Disease.

Isoniazid protects against the development of intestinal and systemic inflammation in the TNFΔARE model of terminal ileitis by limiting the expansion of mucosal-SFB and progression of the associated microbial-driven inflammation. This work highlights a possible mycobacterial-independent function of Isoniazid in limiting CD-pathophysiology through limiting the mucosal establishment of pathobionts such as SFB and the association of such microbe-derived endospores linked to the formation of ectopic tertiary lymphoid organs seen commonly in patients.

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Liver Transpl

Cannabis and liver transplant in the era of legalization: Effects of pre-transplant cannabis use on postoperative opioid use and transplant outcomes.

While cannabis use pre-LT was associated with significantly higher opioid use in the immediate postoperative period, this did not translate to differences in opioid use beyond 48 hours post-LT, or short-term healthcare utilization or clinical outcomes. These findings should help set provider expectations for immediate post-LT pain control. Our findings support the growing body of literature that fails to identify an association between pre-LT cannabis use and post-LT outcomes.

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Co-producing a health advocate intervention for pediatric liver transplant recipients using human-centered design.

Using structured design methodology, we designed a prototype navigator role for pediatric liver transplant care teams. Future studies should test the effectiveness of this navigator role in improving post-transplant outcomes.

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Lower child opportunity index is associated with increased healthcare utilization following pediatric liver transplantation.

We also observed that in the second year post-LT, children with a lower COI were more often admitted with a complication of LT (23%) than those with a higher COI (18%). COI may be a useful composite screening instrument for clinical teams to target resources and limit acute care use post-LT.

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Pancreas

A Nomogram for Predicting the Transition From Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis to Chronic Pancreatitis.

The area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve was >0.7 over 1000 days. A nomogram was developed and validated to evaluate the transition from recurrent acute pancreatitis to chronic pancreatitis.

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Bodyweight-Adjusted Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Dose in the Prevention of Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis.

PEP was not prevented by NSAID dosages below 1.0 mg/kg body weight whereas a dosage above 1.0 mg/kg body weight had a significant prophylactic effect. An NSAID dosage adjusted to body weight may be necessary to achieve an adequate prophylactic effect against PEP.

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Differences in the Clinicopathologic and Radiological Characteristics of Patients with Microcystic and Macrocystic Serous Cystadenoma of the Pancreas.

Although many patients presented with typical imaging features, accurate diagnosis of SCN remained difficult. Except for older age and higher ASA grade in the MiC group, there were no significant differences in the clinicopathological characteristics between MiC and MaC SCN patients.

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Hyperplasia of Fat-Containing Cells With Mature Adipocyte Marker Is Associated With Pancreatic Fat Enlargement.

Of al fat-containing cells, 10.4% were intralobular cells, and the diameter of intralobular cells showed a tendency for positive correlation with age. The characteristics of fat-containing cells in the pancreas indicate that some of them may be mature adipocytes, and fat volume may be increased by hyperplasia of fat-containing cells associated with insulin resistance.

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Hypophosphatemia as a Predictor of Pancreatic Necrosis in Acute Alcohol Induced Pancreatitis.

The median duration of hospital stay (P-value: 0.65) and rate of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (P-value: 0.41) were similar in both groups. Early hypophosphatemia during admission for AAP was associated with increased risk of developing pancreatic necrosis, however it may not affect overall length of hospital stay or rate of ICU admission.

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Intratumoral Injection of Cytotoxic Drugs Plus Hapten Elicits Significant Immune Responses in Sentinel Lymph Nodes: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy.

The observed upregulation of angiogenic factors, EMT pathways, and CAF signaling highlighted a complex interaction between tumor and immune responses. These findings provided new insights into the abscopal effect, revealing how targeted therapies can modulate lymph node microenvironments to enhance local immune responses and potentially improve systemic antitumor efficacy.

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Long-term Outcomes of Surgical Treatment for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasm With Synchronous Hepatic Metastasis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

In this study, the survival benefit of surgery was observed only in the bt-pNET-sHM subgroup. Considering the multifactorial nature of decision-making, surgical intervention for pNEN-sHM management should be approached with a careful and comprehensive assessment, to prevent excessive surgery strategies.

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Pancreatic Cancer Risk and Screening Outcomes in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.

PC may occur earlier in LFS compared to the general population. WBMRI identifies pancreatic abnormalities less frequently than other pancreatic cancer screening modalities in LFS. If dedicated PC screening is performed in LFS, screening should likely start prior to age 50 and use either EUS or MRI Abd.

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Somatic Genomic Profiling of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas From a Diverse Cohort of Patients.

Larger studies are needed to further understand molecular characterizations across continental subpopulations. This study provides further rationale for equitable representation of diverse patients in genomic databases and clinical trials.

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The Significant Impact of Fibrinogen-C-Reactive Protein-Albumin Ratio on the Long-Term Outcomes After Pancreatic Resection for Pancreatic Cancer.

Moreover, factors such as age (P = 0.02), high serum carcinoembryonic antigen level (P < 0.01), preoperative biliary drainage (P = 0.02), preoperative chemotherapy (P = 0.04), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.01), adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.046), and high F-CAR (hazards ratio, 1.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-2.35; P = 0.04) were found to be independent and significant predictors of overall survival. F-CAR is a useful prognostic factor for disease-free survival and overall survival after pancreatectomy in pancreatic cancer patients.

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Pancreatology

Depth of response in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy: A supplementary analysis of JCOG1407.

mFOLFIRINOX and GnP had similar OS, it is noteworthy that the regimens exhibited differences in DpR, with GnP leading to greater DpR. Greater DpR are associated with improved survival in patients with LAPC.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Am J Clin Nutr

Toward a better understanding of the relationship between docosahexaenoic acid and bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the questions that remain.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Clin Nutr

A shock to the global nutrition system: Why nutrition scientists should challenge the dismantling of the US Agency for International Development and US withdrawal from the World Health Organization.

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Inflamm Bowel Dis

Addressing the Challenges of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Treatment: Prognosis Optimization Strategies in the Era of Precision Medicine.

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Placental Transfer of Upadacitinib Among Pregnant Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

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Liver Transpl

A holistic approach is needed for the treatment of alcohol use disorder.

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Letter to the Editor: Induction therapy in pediatric liver transplants affects outcomes.

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No RETREAT: Moving forward in post-transplant HCC recurrence prediction.

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Pancreas

Protocol and Study Population of a Prospective Study of Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis and Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency: Preliminary Findings From the PACT-CP Registry Show Reduced Health-Related Quality of Life.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Pancreatology

From Misdiagnosis to Management of Pancreatic Cystic Tumors Initially Identified as Pseudocysts and Treated with Cystogastrostomy: Experience from a Tertiary Care Center.

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